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Search documents and hardware ...
Administration Guide
Introduction
What’s new
Key concepts
Workflow
Sequence of scans
IPv6 support
Solutions for specific web attacks
HTTP/2 support
HTTP sessions & security
FortiWeb high availability (HA)
Administrative domains (ADOMs)
How to use the web UI
Shutdown
How to set up your FortiWeb
Appliance vs. VMware
Registering your FortiWeb
Planning the network topology
Connecting to the web UI or CLI
Updating the firmware
Changing the “admin” account password
Setting the system time & date
Setting the operation mode
Configuring High Availability (HA) basic settings
HA heartbeat & active node election
Synchronization
Replicating the configuration without FortiWeb HA (external HA)
Configuring the network settings
Configuring DNS settings
Configuring HA settings specifically for active-passive and standard active-active modes
Configuring HA settings specifically for high volume active-active mode
Defining your web servers & load balancers
Protected web servers vs. allowed/protected host names
Defining your protected/allowed HTTP “Host:” header names
Defining your web servers
Defining your proxies, clients, & X-headers
Defining your network services
Configuring virtual servers on your FortiWeb
Enabling or disabling traffic forwarding to your servers
Configuring FortiWeb to receive traffic via WCCP
Configuring basic policies
Testing your installation
Switching out of Offline Protection mode
Policies
How operation mode affects server policy behavior
Configuring the global object white list
Configuring a protection profile for inline topologies
Generating a protection profile using scanner reports
Configuring a protection profile for an out-of-band topology or asynchronous mode of operation
Configuring an HTTP server policy
Configuring traffic mirror
Configuring FTP security
Creating an FTP command restriction rule
Creating an FTP file check rule
Configuring an FTP security inline profile
Creating an FTP server pool
Creating an FTP server policy
AD FS Proxy
Configuring FortiWeb as an AD FS proxy
Configuring a virtual server
Creating an AD FS server pool
Uploading trusted CA certificates
Creating an AD FS server policy
Troubleshooting
FortiView
Topology
Security
Traffic
Sessions
Backups
backup full-config
Restoring a previous configuration
Debug log
Administrators
Configuring access profiles
Grouping remote authentication queries and certificates for administrators
Changing an administrator’s password
Certificate-based Web UI login
Users
Authentication styles
Offloading HTTP authentication & authorization
Single sign-on (SSO) (site publishing)
Using Kerberos authentication delegation
Offloaded authentication and optional SSO configuration
To create an Active Directory (AD) user for FortiWeb
Example: Enforcing complex passwords
Tracking users
Secure connections (SSL/TLS)
Offloading vs. inspection
Supported cipher suites & protocol versions
Uploading trusted CA certificates
How to offload or inspect HTTPS
Forcing clients to use HTTPS
HTTP Public Key Pinning
How to apply PKI client authentication (personal certificates)
Seamless PKI integration
Revoking certificates
How to export/back up certificates & private keys
How to change FortiWeb's default certificate
Configuring OCSP stapling
Access control
Restricting access to specific URLs
Combination access control & rate limiting
Blacklisting & whitelisting clients
Blocking client devices with poor reputation
Protecting against cookie poisoning and other cookie-based attacks
Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) protection
Blocking known attacks & data leaks
Connecting to FortiGuard services
Receiving quarantined source IP addresses from FortiGate
False Positive Mitigation for SQL Injection signatures
Syntax-based SQL injection detection
Configuring action overrides or exceptions to data leak & attack detection signatures
Defining custom data leak & attack signatures
Defeating cipher padding attacks on individually encrypted inputs
Defeating cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks
Addressing security vulnerabilities by HTTP Security Headers
Enforcing page order that follows application logic
Specifying URLs allowed to initiate sessions
Preventing zero-day attacks
Validating parameters (“input rules”)
Preventing tampering with hidden inputs
Specifying allowed HTTP methods
HTTP/HTTPS protocol constraints
WebSocket Protocol
Protection for Man-in-the-Browser (MiTB) attacks
Creating Man in the Browser (MiTB) Protection Rule
Creating an MiTB protection rule
Protecting the standard user input field
Protecting the passwords
Adding white list for the AJAX Request
Creating Man in the Browser (MiTB) Protection Policy
Protection for APIs
Configuring JSON protection
Importing JSON schema files
Creating JSON protection rules
Creating JSON protection policy
Configuring XML protection
Importing XML schema files
Creating XML protection rules
Creating XML protection policies
Importing WSDL files
Configuring exempted URLs
Configuring attack logs to retain packet payloads for XML protection
Creating WS-Security rules
OpenAPI Validation
Use cases
Creating OpenAPI files
Creating_OpenAPI_validation_policies
Configuring mobile API protection
API gateway
Managing API users
Configuring API gateway policy
Configuring API gateway rules
Limiting file uploads
Anti-defacement
Rate limiting
DoS prevention
Preventing brute force logins
Preventing slow and low attacks
Rewriting & redirecting
Caching
What can be cached?
Compression
Compliance
Database security
Authorization
Preventing data leaks
Vulnerability scans
Advanced/optional system settings
Changing the FortiWeb appliance’s host name
Fail-to-wire for power loss/reboots
Customizing error and authentication pages (replacement messages)
Configuring the integrated firewall
Advanced settings
Monitoring your system
Status dashboard
Policy Status dashboard
RAID level & disk statuses
Logging
Alert email
SNMP traps & queries
Reports
Monitoring currently blocked IPs
Monitoring currently tracked devices
FortiGuard updates
Vulnerability scans
Bot mitigation
Configuring threshold based detection
Configuring biometrics based detection
Configuring bot deception
Configuring bot mitigation policy
Machine learning
Enabling machine learning policy
Configuring anomaly detection policy
Configuring machine-learning templates
Viewing domain data
Viewing anomaly detection log
Configuring bot detection profiles
Viewing bot detection model status
Viewing the bot detection violations
Fine-tuning & best practices
Hardening security
Improving performance
Improving fault tolerance
Reducing false positives
Regular backups
Downloading logs in RAM before shutdown or reboot
Troubleshooting
Frequently asked questions
Tools
How to troubleshoot
Solutions by issue type
Resetting the configuration
Restoring firmware (“clean install”)
Appendix A: Port numbers
Appendix B: Maximum configuration values
Appendix C: Supported RFCs, W3C, & IEEE standards
Appendix D: Regular expressions
Appendix E: How to purchase and renew FortiGuard licenses
Home
FortiWeb 6.2.4
Administration Guide
6.2.4
7.6.1
7.6.0
7.4.5
7.4.4
7.4.3
7.4.2
7.4.1
7.4.0
7.2.10
7.2.9
7.2.8
7.2.7
7.2.6
7.2.5
7.2.4
7.2.3
7.2.2
7.2.1
7.2.0
7.0.10
7.0.9
7.0.8
7.0.6
7.0.5
7.0.4
7.0.3
7.0.2
7.0.1
7.0.0
6.4.2
6.4.1
6.4.0
6.3.23
6.3.19
6.3.18
6.3.17
6.3.16
6.3.15
6.3.14
6.3.13
6.3.11
6.3.10
6.3.9
6.3.7
6.3.6
6.3.5
6.3.4
6.3.3
6.3.2
6.3.1
6.3.0
6.2.5
6.2.4
6.2.3
6.2.2
6.2.1
6.2.0
6.1.2
6.1.1
5.7.0
5.6.1
5.6.0
5.6.0
API gateway
API gateway
API gateway provides the following functions:
API user management
API key verification
API access control
Rate limit control
API call rewriting
Previous
Next
API gateway
API gateway
API gateway provides the following functions:
API user management
API key verification
API access control
Rate limit control
API call rewriting
Previous
Next
Home
Product Pillars
Network Security
Network Security
FortiGate / FortiOS
FortiGate 5000
FortiGate 6000
FortiGate 7000
FortiProxy
NOC & SOC Management
FortiManager
FortiManager Cloud
FortiAnalyzer
FortiAnalyzer Cloud
FortiMonitor
FortiGate Cloud
Enterprise Networking
Secure SD-WAN
FortiLAN Cloud
FortiSwitch
FortiAP / FortiWiFi
FortiAP-U Series
FortiNAC-F
FortiExtender
FortiExtender Cloud
FortiAIOps
Business Communications
FortiFone
FortiVoice
FortiVoice Cloud
FortiRecorder
FortiCamera
Zero Trust Access
ZTNA
Zero Trust Network Access
FortiClient EMS
SASE
FortiSASE
Identity
FortiAuthenticator
FortiTrust Identity
FortiToken Cloud
FortiToken
Cloud Security
Hybrid Cloud Security
FortiGate Public Cloud
FortiGate Private Cloud
FortiFlex
Cloud Native Protection
FortiCNP
FortiDevSec
Web Application / API Protection
FortiWeb
FortiWeb Cloud
FortiADC
FortiGSLB
FortiGuard ABP
SAAS Security
FortiMail
FortiMail Cloud
FortiCASB
Security Operations
SOC Platform
FortiAnalyzer
FortiAnalyzer Cloud
FortiSIEM
/
FortiSIEM Cloud
FortiSOAR
FortiPhish
Advanced Threat Protection
FortiSandbox
FortiSandbox Cloud
FortiNDR
FortiNDR Cloud
FortiDeceptor
FortiInsight
FortiInsight Cloud
FortiIsolator
Endpoint Security
FortiClient
FortiClient Cloud
FortiEDR
Best Practices
Solution Hubs
Cloud
FortiCloud
Public & Private Cloud
Popular Solutions
Secure SD-WAN
Zero Trust Network Access
Secure Access
Next Generation Firewall
Security Fabric
Tele-Working
Multi-Factor Authentication
FortiASIC
Operational Technology
MSSP
4-D Resources
Secure SD-WAN
Zero Trust Network Access
Wireless
Switching
Secure Access Service Edge
Identity and Access Management
Next Generation Firewall
Hardware Guides
FortiAnalyzer
FortiAnalyzer Big-Data
FortiADC
FortiAP / FortiWiFi
FortiAP U-Series
FortiAuthenticator
FortiCache
FortiCarrier
FortiController
FortiDDoS
FortiDDoS-F
FortiDeceptor
FortiExtender
FortiGate
FortiGate-5000
FortiGate-6000
FortiGate-7000
FortiHypervisor
FortiIsolator
FortiMail
FortiManager
FortiNAC
FortiNDR
FortiProxy
FortiRecorder
FortiRPS
FortiSandbox
FortiSIEM
FortiSwitch
FortiTester
FortiToken
FortiVoice
FortiWAN
FortiWeb
FortiWLC
FortiWLM
Product A-Z
AscenLink
AV Engine
AWS Firewall Rules
Container FortiOS
FortiADC
FortiADC E Series
FortiADC Manager
FortiADC Private Cloud
FortiADC Public Cloud
FortiAIOps
FortiAnalyzer
FortiAnalyzer BigData
FortiAnalyzer BigData Private Cloud
FortiAnalyzer Cloud
FortiAnalyzer Private Cloud
FortiAnalyzer Public Cloud
FortiAP / FortiWiFi
FortiAP-U Series
FortiAuthenticator
FortiAuthenticator Private Cloud
FortiAuthenticator Public Cloud
FortiAuthProxy
FortiBalancer
FortiBranchSASE
FortiBridge
FortiCache
FortiCamera
FortiCamera Cloud
FortiCare Elite
FortiCarrier
FortiCASB
FortiCentral
FortiClient
FortiClient Cloud
FortiCloud Services
FortiCNP
FortiConnect
FortiController
FortiConverter Service
FortiConverter Tool
FortiCore
FortiCSPM
FortiCWP
FortiDAST
FortiDB
FortiDDoS
FortiDDoS-F
FortiDeceptor
FortiDeceptor DaaS
FortiDeceptor Private Cloud
FortiDeceptor Public Cloud
FortiDevSec
FortiDLP
FortiDLP Agent
FortiDLP Policies
FortiDNS
FortiEdge Cloud
FortiEDR/XDR
FortiEndpoint
FortiExplorer
FortiExplorer Go
FortiExtender
FortiFlex
FortiFone
FortiGate / FortiOS
FortiGate Cloud
FortiGate CNF
FortiGate Private Cloud
FortiGate Public Cloud
FortiGate-5000
FortiGate-6000
FortiGate-7000
FortiGate-as-a-Service
FortiGSLB
FortiGuard Advanced Bot Protection
FortiGuest
FortiHypervisor
FortiInsight
FortiInsight Cloud
FortiIPAM
FortiIsolator
FortiIsolator Public Cloud
FortiLAN Cloud
FortiMail
FortiMail Cloud
FortiManager
FortiManager Cloud
FortiManager Private Cloud
FortiManager Public Cloud
FortiMonitor
FortiNAC
FortiNAC-F
FortiNDR
FortiNDR (on-premise) Private Cloud
FortiNDR (on-premise) Public Cloud
FortiNDR Cloud
FortiNDR Cloud Sensors
FortiPAM
FortiPAM Private Cloud
FortiPAM Public Cloud
FortiPhish
FortiPlanner
FortiPolicy
FortiPortal
FortiPortal Public Cloud
FortiPresence
FortiPresence VM
FortiProxy
FortiProxy Private Cloud
FortiProxy Public Cloud
FortiRecon
FortiRecorder
FortiRPS
FortiSandbox
FortiSandbox Cloud
FortiSandbox Private Cloud
FortiSandbox Public Cloud
FortiSASE
FortiScanner
FortiSIEM
FortiSIEM Cloud
FortiSOAR
FortiSOAR Cloud
FortiSRA
FortiSwitch
FortiSwitch Manager
FortiTap
FortiTester
FortiTester Private Cloud
FortiTester Public Cloud
FortiToken
FortiToken Cloud
FortiTrust Identity
FortiVoice
FortiVoice Cloud
FortiVoice Private Cloud
FortiVoice Public Cloud
FortiWAN
FortiWAN Controller
FortiWeb
FortiWeb Cloud
FortiWeb Manager Private Cloud
FortiWeb Manager Public Cloud
FortiWeb Private Cloud
FortiWeb Public Cloud
FortiWLM
FortiZTP
IPS Engine
Lacework FortiCNAPP
Managed FortiGate Service
Overlay-as-a-Service
Security Awareness and Training
SOCaaS
Wireless Controller
Ordering Guides
Download PDF
Table of Contents
Introduction
What’s new
Key concepts
Workflow
Sequence of scans
IPv6 support
Solutions for specific web attacks
HTTP/2 support
HTTP sessions & security
FortiWeb high availability (HA)
Administrative domains (ADOMs)
How to use the web UI
Shutdown
How to set up your FortiWeb
Appliance vs. VMware
Registering your FortiWeb
Planning the network topology
Connecting to the web UI or CLI
Updating the firmware
Changing the “admin” account password
Setting the system time & date
Setting the operation mode
Configuring High Availability (HA) basic settings
HA heartbeat & active node election
Synchronization
Replicating the configuration without FortiWeb HA (external HA)
Configuring the network settings
Configuring DNS settings
Configuring HA settings specifically for active-passive and standard active-active modes
Configuring HA settings specifically for high volume active-active mode
Defining your web servers & load balancers
Protected web servers vs. allowed/protected host names
Defining your protected/allowed HTTP “Host:” header names
Defining your web servers
Defining your proxies, clients, & X-headers
Defining your network services
Configuring virtual servers on your FortiWeb
Enabling or disabling traffic forwarding to your servers
Configuring FortiWeb to receive traffic via WCCP
Configuring basic policies
Testing your installation
Switching out of Offline Protection mode
Policies
How operation mode affects server policy behavior
Configuring the global object white list
Configuring a protection profile for inline topologies
Generating a protection profile using scanner reports
Configuring a protection profile for an out-of-band topology or asynchronous mode of operation
Configuring an HTTP server policy
Configuring traffic mirror
Configuring FTP security
Creating an FTP command restriction rule
Creating an FTP file check rule
Configuring an FTP security inline profile
Creating an FTP server pool
Creating an FTP server policy
AD FS Proxy
Configuring FortiWeb as an AD FS proxy
Configuring a virtual server
Creating an AD FS server pool
Uploading trusted CA certificates
Creating an AD FS server policy
Troubleshooting
FortiView
Topology
Security
Traffic
Sessions
Backups
backup full-config
Restoring a previous configuration
Debug log
Administrators
Configuring access profiles
Grouping remote authentication queries and certificates for administrators
Changing an administrator’s password
Certificate-based Web UI login
Users
Authentication styles
Offloading HTTP authentication & authorization
Single sign-on (SSO) (site publishing)
Using Kerberos authentication delegation
Offloaded authentication and optional SSO configuration
To create an Active Directory (AD) user for FortiWeb
Example: Enforcing complex passwords
Tracking users
Secure connections (SSL/TLS)
Offloading vs. inspection
Supported cipher suites & protocol versions
Uploading trusted CA certificates
How to offload or inspect HTTPS
Forcing clients to use HTTPS
HTTP Public Key Pinning
How to apply PKI client authentication (personal certificates)
Seamless PKI integration
Revoking certificates
How to export/back up certificates & private keys
How to change FortiWeb's default certificate
Configuring OCSP stapling
Access control
Restricting access to specific URLs
Combination access control & rate limiting
Blacklisting & whitelisting clients
Blocking client devices with poor reputation
Protecting against cookie poisoning and other cookie-based attacks
Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) protection
Blocking known attacks & data leaks
Connecting to FortiGuard services
Receiving quarantined source IP addresses from FortiGate
False Positive Mitigation for SQL Injection signatures
Syntax-based SQL injection detection
Configuring action overrides or exceptions to data leak & attack detection signatures
Defining custom data leak & attack signatures
Defeating cipher padding attacks on individually encrypted inputs
Defeating cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks
Addressing security vulnerabilities by HTTP Security Headers
Enforcing page order that follows application logic
Specifying URLs allowed to initiate sessions
Preventing zero-day attacks
Validating parameters (“input rules”)
Preventing tampering with hidden inputs
Specifying allowed HTTP methods
HTTP/HTTPS protocol constraints
WebSocket Protocol
Protection for Man-in-the-Browser (MiTB) attacks
Creating Man in the Browser (MiTB) Protection Rule
Creating an MiTB protection rule
Protecting the standard user input field
Protecting the passwords
Adding white list for the AJAX Request
Creating Man in the Browser (MiTB) Protection Policy
Protection for APIs
Configuring JSON protection
Importing JSON schema files
Creating JSON protection rules
Creating JSON protection policy
Configuring XML protection
Importing XML schema files
Creating XML protection rules
Creating XML protection policies
Importing WSDL files
Configuring exempted URLs
Configuring attack logs to retain packet payloads for XML protection
Creating WS-Security rules
OpenAPI Validation
Use cases
Creating OpenAPI files
Creating_OpenAPI_validation_policies
Configuring mobile API protection
API gateway
Managing API users
Configuring API gateway policy
Configuring API gateway rules
Limiting file uploads
Anti-defacement
Rate limiting
DoS prevention
Preventing brute force logins
Preventing slow and low attacks
Rewriting & redirecting
Caching
What can be cached?
Compression
Compliance
Database security
Authorization
Preventing data leaks
Vulnerability scans
Advanced/optional system settings
Changing the FortiWeb appliance’s host name
Fail-to-wire for power loss/reboots
Customizing error and authentication pages (replacement messages)
Configuring the integrated firewall
Advanced settings
Monitoring your system
Status dashboard
Policy Status dashboard
RAID level & disk statuses
Logging
Alert email
SNMP traps & queries
Reports
Monitoring currently blocked IPs
Monitoring currently tracked devices
FortiGuard updates
Vulnerability scans
Bot mitigation
Configuring threshold based detection
Configuring biometrics based detection
Configuring bot deception
Configuring bot mitigation policy
Machine learning
Enabling machine learning policy
Configuring anomaly detection policy
Configuring machine-learning templates
Viewing domain data
Viewing anomaly detection log
Configuring bot detection profiles
Viewing bot detection model status
Viewing the bot detection violations
Fine-tuning & best practices
Hardening security
Improving performance
Improving fault tolerance
Reducing false positives
Regular backups
Downloading logs in RAM before shutdown or reboot
Troubleshooting
Frequently asked questions
Tools
How to troubleshoot
Solutions by issue type
Resetting the configuration
Restoring firmware (“clean install”)
Appendix A: Port numbers
Appendix B: Maximum configuration values
Appendix C: Supported RFCs, W3C, & IEEE standards
Appendix D: Regular expressions
Appendix E: How to purchase and renew FortiGuard licenses