Important SNMP traps

Link Down and Link Up traps

This trap is sent when a FortiGate port either goes down or is brought up.

For example, the following traps are generated when the state of port34 is set to down using set status down, and then brought up using set status up:

NET-SNMP version 5.7.3 2019-01-31 14:11:48 10.1.100.1(via UDP: [10.1.100.1]:162->[10.1.100.11]:162) TRAP, SNMP v1, community REGR-SYS SNMPv2-MIB::snmpTraps Link Down Trap (0) Uptime: 0:14:44.95 IF-MIB::ifIndex.42 = INTEGER: 42 IF-MIB::ifAdminStatus.42 = INTEGER: down(2) IF-MIB::ifOperStatus.42 = INTEGER: down(2) FORTINET-CORE-MIB::fnSysSerial.0 = STRING: FG140P3G15800330 SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: FortiGate-140D-POE

2019-01-31 14:11:48 <UNKNOWN> [UDP: [10.1.100.1]:162->[10.1.100.11]:162]: DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (88495) 0:14:44.95 SNMPv2-MIB::snmpTrapOID.0 = OID: IF-MIB::linkDown IF-MIB::ifIndex.42 = INTEGER: 42 IF-MIB::ifAdminStatus.42 = INTEGER: down(2) IF-MIB::ifOperStatus.42 = INTEGER: down(2) FORTINET-CORE-MIB::fnSysSerial.0 = STRING: FG140P3G15800330 SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: FortiGate-140D-POE 2019-01-31 14:12:01 10.1.100.1(via UDP: [10.1.100.1]:162->[10.1.100.11]:162) TRAP, SNMP v1, community REGR-SYS SNMPv2-MIB::snmpTraps Link Up Trap (0) Uptime: 0:14:57.98 IF-MIB::ifIndex.42 = INTEGER: 42 IF-MIB::ifAdminStatus.42 = INTEGER: up(1) IF-MIB::ifOperStatus.42 = INTEGER: up(1) FORTINET-CORE-MIB::fnSysSerial.0 = STRING: FG140P3G15800330 SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: FortiGate-140D-POE

2019-01-31 14:12:01 <UNKNOWN> [UDP: [10.1.100.1]:162->[10.1.100.11]:162]: DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (89798) 0:14:57.98 SNMPv2-MIB::snmpTrapOID.0 = OID: IF-MIB::linkUp IF-MIB::ifIndex.42 = INTEGER: 42 IF-MIB::ifAdminStatus.42 = INTEGER: up(1) IF-MIB::ifOperStatus.42 = INTEGER: up(1) FORTINET-CORE-MIB::fnSysSerial.0 = STRING: FG140P3G15800330 SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: FortiGate-140D-POE 

fgFmTrapIfChange trap

This trap is sent when any changes are detected on the interface. The change can be very simple, such as giving an IPV4 address.

For example, the user has given the IP address of 1.2.3.4/24 to port 1 and the EMS Manager has detected the following trap:

DISMAN-EXPRESSION-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (7975058) 22:09:10.58 SNMPv2-MIB::snmpTrapOID.0 = OID: FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgFmTrapIfChange FORTINET-CORE-MIB::fnSysSerial.0 = STRING: FG140P3G15800330 IF-MIB::ifName.45 = STRING: port1 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgManIfIp.0 = IpAddress: 1.2.3.4 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgManIfMask.0 = IpAddress: 255.255.255.0 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgManIfIp6.0 = STRING: 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 

entConfigChange trap

The change to the interface in the previous example has also triggered the ConfChange Trap which is sent along with the fgFmTrapIfChange trap:

2018-11-15 09:30:23 FGT_A [UDP: [172.16.200.1]:162->[172.16.200.55]:162]: DISMAN-EXPRESSION-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (8035097) 22:19:10.97 SNMPv2-MIB::snmpTrapOID.0 = OID: ENTITY-MIB::entConfigChange 

fgTrapDeviceNew trap

This trap is triggered when a new device, like a FortiSwitch, is connected to the FortiGate.

For example, the following scenario has given the device a new trap for adding FortiAP on a PoE interface a FortiGate 140D-POE. The trap has important information about the device name, device MAC address, and when it was last seen.

2018-11-15 11:17:43 UDP/IPv6: [2000:172:16:200::1]:162 [UDP/IPv6: [2000:172:16:200::1]:162]: DISMAN-EXPRESSION-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (520817) 1:26:48.17 SNMPv2-MIB::snmpTrapOID.0 = OID: FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgTrapDeviceNew FORTINET-CORE-MIB::fnSysSerial.0 = STRING: FG140P3G15800330 SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: FGT_A IF-MIB::ifIndex.0 = INTEGER: 0 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgVdEntIndex.0 = INTEGER: 0 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgDeviceCreated.0 = Gauge32: 5 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgDeviceLastSeen.0 = Gauge32: 5 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgDeviceMacAddress.0 = STRING: 90:6c:ac:f9:97:a0

2018-11-15 11:17:43 FGT_A [UDP: [172.16.200.1]:162->[172.16.200.55]:162]: DISMAN-EXPRESSION-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (520817) 1:26:48.17 SNMPv2-MIB::snmpTrapOID.0 = OID: FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgTrapDeviceNew FORTINET-CORE-MIB::fnSysSerial.0 = STRING: FG140P3G15800330 SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: FGT_A IF-MIB::ifIndex.0 = INTEGER: 0 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgVdEntIndex.0 = INTEGER: 0 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgDeviceCreated.0 = Gauge32: 5 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgDeviceLastSeen.0 = Gauge32: 5 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgDeviceMacAddress.0 = STRING: 90:6c:ac:f9:97:a0 

fgTrapAvOversize trap

The fgTrapAvOversize trap is generated when the antivirus scanner detects an oversized file:

019-01-31 13:22:04 10.1.100.1(via UDP: [10.1.100.1]:162->[10.1.100.11]:162) TRAP, SNMP v1, community REGR-SYS FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgt140P Enterprise Specific Trap (602) Uptime: 1 day, 3:41:10.31 FORTINET-CORE-MIB::fnSysSerial.0 = STRING: FG140P3G15800330 SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: FortiGate-140D-POE 2019-01-31 13:22:29 <UNKNOWN> [UDP: [10.1.100.1]:162->[10.1.100.11]:162]: DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (9967031) 1 day, 3:41:10.31 SNMPv2-MIB::snmpTrapOID.0 = OID: FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgTrapAvOversize FORTINET-CORE-MIB::fnSysSerial.0 = STRING: FG140P3G15800330 SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: FortiGate-140D-POE 

Memory usage traps

Both free memory usage and freeable memory of FortiGate devices can be monitored through the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). SNMP object identifier (OID) entries are available in Fortinet MIB files to show the percentage of free memory usage and freeable memory in an SNMP manager:

• 1.3.6.1.4.1.12356.101.4.1.36 .fgSysFreeMemUsage

• 1.3.6.1.4.1.12356.101.4.1.37 .fgSysFreeableMemUsage

The following commands are available to configure memory thresholds to trigger SNMP traps:

config system snmp sysinfo
    set trap-free-memory-threshold <integer>
    set trap-freeable-memory-threshold <integer>
end

set trap-free-memory-threshold <integer>	Use an integer from 1 to 100 (default 5) to identify what percentage of free memory usage will trigger an SNMP trap. SNMP traps are sent when the free memory is lower than the specified threshold. For example, the free memory threshold is set to 5, and SNMP traps are sent when free memory is lower than 5%.
set trap-freeable-memory-threshold <integer>	Use an integer from 1 to 100 (default 60) to identify what percentage of freeable memory will trigger an SNMP trap. SNMP traps are sent when the freeable memory is higher than the specified threshold. For example, the freeable memory threshold is set to 60, and SNMP traps are sent when freeable memory is higher than 60%.

Example

In this example, the SNMP agent is configured to monitor FortiGate memory and send traps. The trap-free-memory-threshold is set to 10, and the trap-freeable-memory-threshold is set to 50. SNMP traps are triggered for both thresholds because:

• The free memory on the FortiGate is 9%, which is lower than the threshold of 10.

• The freeable memory on the FortiGate is 56%, which is higher than the threshold of 50.

To configure SNMP for monitoring memory usage on FortiGates:

1. Configure the SNMP agent to monitor FortiGate memory usage and freeable memory.

   In this example, the trap-free-memory-threshold is set to 10, and the trap-freeable-memory-threshold is set to 50.

   config system snmp sysinfo
       set status enable
       set engine-id <string for local SNMP engine ID>
       set description <string>
       set contact-info <string>
       set location <string>
       set trap-high-cpu-threshold 60
       set trap-free-memory-threshold 10
       set trap-freeable-memory-threshold 50
   end

2. Verify that the SNMP manager can successfully query and receive a response on the current memory status of the FortiGate.

   In the following example, the free memory on the FortiGate is reported as 9%, and the freeable memory on the FortiGate is reported as 56%.

   # snmpwalk -v2c -c REGR-SYS 172.16.200.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.12356.101.4.1.36
   FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgSystemInfo.36.0 = Gauge32: 9
   fosqa@pc05:~$ snmpwalk -v2c -c REGR-SYS 172.16.200.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.12356.101.4.1.37
   FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgSystemInfo.37.0 = Gauge32: 56

3. Use the SNMP manager to monitor memory usage on the FortiGate.

   Following is an example of the SNMP trap messages sent when thresholds are surpassed for freeable memory and free memory usage on FortiGates:

   2023-12-08 19:53:14 172.16.200.1(via UDP: [172.16.200.1]:162->[172.16.200.55]:162) TRAP, SNMP v1, community REGR-SYS
           FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB::fgModel.1001 Enterprise Specific Trap (102) Uptime: 1 day, 9:49:42.35
           FORTINET-CORE-MIB::fnSysSerial.0 = STRING: FG101FTK20006858     SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: FGT_A   FORTINET-CORE-MIB::fnGenTrapMsg = STRING: freeable memory percentage is too high
   2023-12-08 19:56:33 <UNKNOWN> [UDP: [172.16.200.1]:162->[172.16.200.55]:162]:
   DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (12198187) 1 day, 9:53:01.87   SNMPv2-MIB::snmpTrapOID.0 = OID: FORTINET-CORE-MIB::fnTrapMemThreshold       FORTINET-CORE-MIB::fnSysSerial.0 = STRING: FG101FTK20006858     SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: FGT_A        FORTINET-CORE-MIB::fnGenTrapMsg = STRING: free memory percentage is too low